1) Never share the words with anyone

This is the only thing you need to do to be safe.

People complain about “getting hacked” daily but most of these stories end up having the same root cause: the person gave their seed phrase to someone.

They weren’t a victim of a hack… They fell for a scam.

Again, ownership of the private keys means ownership of the address they control.

When you share them with someone, you’re basically sharing the ownership.

2) Don’t save your seed phrase online

When you have your words in your mailbox’s Drafts folder or you’ve sent them to yourself on social media, you’ve technically shared them with the world.

They’re potentially exposed to employees of the services you’re using, to platforms with which you interact, or any user of a device you’re logged or have been logged into, etc.

The solution is simple: use pen and paper.

3) Keep the paper safe and hidden

Have your 12-24 words written clearly on a piece of paper and hide it from the world.

Don’t only think about burglars, but also people you live with – even without bad intentions, they can leak it or lose it due to negligence.

The stories about suckers searching dumpsters for hard-disks are mainstream nowadays… All of that can be avoided if you have this piece of paper..

And don’t use bank deposit boxes to store your whole seed phrase, as it may defy the whole concept of “not your keys, not your coins”.

4) Never take a picture of your seed phrase

A picture on your phone is equally (or even more) vulnerable like the examples from point 2.

Think about every application that has permissions to access your media files, an unintentional share, losing your phone… I can go on and on!

Again, all of this can be avoided by not having a picture. And if you’re worried about your house collapsing, keep reading:

5) Have a duplicate

It’s always the case that something can happen to a piece of paper. Someone can throw it away unknowingly, it can be destroyed during unfortunate events, etc.

That’s why I think it’s a good idea to have a copy of your seed phrase stored elsewhere. However, there’s no one-size-fits-all solution, as it depends on your personal circumstances.

6) Don’t get too creative

You can also get a bit creative in regards to how you write down the words. The goal would be to make the seed unusable for anyone that might get a hold of your precious piece of paper.

You might have ideas like tampering some words or changing their order using an algorithm you’d remember etc.

Be careful with this.

If you’re not using your seed phrase often (you won’t), there’s a high probability that you will be the one that ends up with an unusable seed phrase.

You don’t want an over-engineered solution to stop you from accessing your funds. If you’d rely on memory, there’s a better approach:

7) Remember your seed phrase

It’s as simple as it gets: remember your 24 words.

All of a sudden, your assets are available to you wherever you are.

You find yourself on the other side of the world and you want to pay with Bitcoin? It’s readily available to you! You find yourself as a war refugee and they confiscate everything you own on the border? Initialize your wallet once you’re free. This way of storing your seed is also called a “brainwallet“.

Doomsday scenarios aside, I’d put remembering the seed phrase as the top tip. But similar to the previous point – due to lack of usage, your memory of it can fade away. And if you only miss one word, that means you’re not controlling the private key you previously had.

8) Never expose your words to the internet

Usually, seed phrases are generated by a certain wallet provider during the setup.

But the most secure seed phrases are those that have never been exposed to the internet.

You can achieve this by using something called a hardware wallet. This is an offline device that controls your private keys, which you can use to confirm transactions.

I wrote a detailed comparison between hardware and software wallets here:

https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoCurrency/comments/12n724b/the_benefits_of_a_cold_wallet_hardware_wallet/

9) Engrave your seed phrase into steel

Durability is where metal storage shines. This relates to protection against fire, water, and other disasters.

Keep in mind, there are already solutions on the market that make engraving words into metal relatively easy. You won’t have to do everything yourself.

10) Use a passphrase (25th word)

A passphrase is an extra word you can use on top of your 24 words.

This will allow you to control a completely new set of addresses.

Having a 25th word is crucial, because you can choose the word yourself, it’s easy to remember, and adds extra security in case someone gets access to your 24-word seed phrase.

A common tactic you can use to assure safety is to have a small amount of crypto in the wallet controlled by your seed phrase. But the majority of your portfolio will be stored behind the wallets controlled by the 25 words.

This way, even if you find yourself in a situation where you are forced to give out your seed phrase, you can comply and still keep custody of your actual portfolio.

TLDR: See the subheaders and use common sense