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I'd like to ask if someone can help explain this definition found on https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Target
"The SHA-256 hash of a block's header must be lower than or equal to the current target for the block to be accepted by the network". I understand that target means difficulty. But I don't understand what the hash being lower than the target actually means.
I looked on youtube for explanations of target hash but they returned an investopedia definition.
Thank you in advance.
There are no magic math to understand for this: simply it was needed some target to let people calculate and mine with some difficulty having success after a certain time. The “lower than” has been chosen, but “greater than” some number or “comprised between “ a couple of number works in the same way. The “lower than” has the useful property that declaring a single parameter (the threshold) you tune all the miner on the target (i.e. 0 < x < threshold) and that as lower is the parameter as higher is the number of guess you should test before to find a good one. You need to define some interval because it is practically impossible to find a single number which when passed trough sha256 yields a certain target number value exactly.
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