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Can someone explain how to make sense of this? 2014 article by Vitalik Buterin

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I cannot understand the following from an article by u/vbuterin.

Question: Why would a solo miner accept a transaction with the tx fee of $0.00002?

Here is my thought. The miner's expected revenue is $0.00002 / 5000 (# of nodes) = $0.000000004. That's far smaller than the miner's cost per tx of $0.00001. It does not seem to make sense to accept it.

It gets worse. Suppose that the net cost to the network of processing a transaction is close to $0.05. In theory, even if the costs are not borne by exactly the same people who set the prices, as long as the transaction fee is close to $0.05 the system would still be in balance. But what is the equilibrium transaction fee going to be? Right now, fees are around $0.09 simply because miners are too lazy to switch. But then, in the future, what happens once fees become a larger share of a miner’s revenue and miners have a large incentive to try to maximize their take? The obvious answer is, for a solo miner the equilibrium transaction fee is $0.00001. If a transaction with a fee of $0.00002 comes in, and the miner adds it, the miner will have earned a profit of $0.00001, and the remaining $0.04999 worth of costs will be paid by the rest of the network together – a cryptographic tragedy of the commons.

Source: https://blog.ethereum.org/2014/02/01/on-transaction-fees-and-the-fallacy-of-market-based-solutions/

submitted by /u/slowblogger
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